Since 2005, the Discovery Channel's documentary show Deadliest Catch has focused on fishermen who are based in Dutch Harbor A 1982 crash in king crab harvests decimated the industry, and the mid- 1980s saw a transition to bottom fishing. Many were held, under poor conditions, in camps in Southeast Alaska for the duration of the war a substantial number of the internees died during the imprisonment.īeginning in the 1950s, Unalaska became a center of the Alaskan king crab fishing industry by 1978 it was the largest fishing port in the United States. After the attack and the Japanese occupation of Attu, almost all of the native residents of the island were arrested.
On Jthe town was attacked by Japanese forces in the Battle of Dutch Harbor, part of the Aleutian Islands campaign. The United States started fortifying Dutch Harbor in 1940, resulting in the construction of the Dutch Harbor Naval Operating Base and Fort Mears. Between 18, the Gold Rush brought many ships through Dutch Harbor where the North American Commercial Company had a coaling station.ĭuring the first half of the century, the island was touched by numerous epidemics, first in 1900, and then in 1919 the Spanish flu touched the island: these contributed to a dramatic decrease of the population in Unalaska. In 1880, the Methodist Church opened a school and a clinic for orphans in Unalaska. On October 18, 1867, the United States purchased Alaska, making Unalaska part of the U.S. Between 18, measles, chicken- pox and whooping- cough epidemics drastically reduced the population thus, at the end of the decade, only 200 to 400 Aleuts lived in Unalaska. The founding priest, Ivan Veniaminov, later canonized as Saint Innocent of Alaska, composed the first Aleut writing system with local assistance, and translated scripture into Aleut. In 1825, the Russian Orthodox Church of the Holy Ascension was built in Unalaska. On August 5, 1788, they claimed Unalaska for Spain and named it Puerto de Dona Marie Luisa Teresa. An expedition by Esteban José Martínez and Gonzalo López de Haro visited several Russian settlements. In 1788 the Spanish made contact with the Russians in Alaska for the first time. It was there that Captain James Cook encountered the navigator Gerasim Izmailov in 1778. The post was permanently established in 1774, and was eventually incorporated into the Russian- American Company. In the 1760s, Unalaska was temporarily used as a Russian fur trading post. Solov'ev then returned to Unalaska and directed the massacre of many Natives. Between 17, a conflict between the Russian fur traders and the Unalaska Natives occurred the Aleuts destroyed four Russian ships and killed 175 hunters/traders. Unalaska and Amaknak Islands contained 24 settlements with more than 1,000 Aleut inhabitants in 1759, when the first Russian group under Stepan Glotov came and started trading for three years on Umnak and Unalaska. They developed an intricate and complex society long before their first contact with the Russian fur traders who would document their existence. The island of Unalaska was first inhabited by the Aleut people, which they named "Ounalashka", meaning: "Near the Peninsula".
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